佛像网

尺寸：高113 cm
年代：2-3世纪
质地：片岩
风格：犍陀罗(古巴基斯坦)
来源：伦敦大英博物馆
参阅：外部链接
鉴赏：
立姿弥勒像，结施无畏印（abhaya），手持水瓶。上衣（uttarīya）为窄式，覆盖左上臂如短袖，下缘较厚或形成带状，可能被拉入肩环中，由此伸出一段细布绕过前臂，与背后一大片垂下的衣料相连。常见的有腰带束扎的下裙（paridhāna）一侧，有突出的衣料与水瓶相接，右腿明显弯曲。衣褶呈显著的脊状隆起和阶梯状，在左臂上形成条带；左腿前方的下裙末端呈圆润状。

头部呈椭圆至圆形，面部较为扁平而宽阔，双眼突出，长而圆，上下眼睑之间的缝隙狭窄，眉脊呈锐利的弧线；眉间白毫（ūrṇā）为浅浮雕。嘴唇有形，刻纹锐利，髭须从上唇裸露处两侧弯曲而下，下颚厚重。头饰由波浪形头发、耳上方的大卷发以及大量披于双肩的发绺组成；发髻上有一束横向的发卷，一端盘绕，中部以发丝束扎。一顶由珠串组成的冠冕环绕头部，中央有一颗较大的桶形珠。耳环为厚重的珠饰圆环，并带有一枚小坠饰。

躯干塑造出隆起的胸部和腹部，受损的带蹼施无畏印之手与上臂呈斜角相接。项饰似乎在连珠纹边框内刻有圆形和三角形图案。一条多股珠串组成的项链，两端为交叉刻线的圆柱形饰件，末端为相向的带角怪兽头，鼻稍卷，棘状胡须在大张的下颚下向后弯曲，兽口衔一根穿过一颗大型球形珠的针。另一条多股珠串项链，间隔有金属套筒，绕过右上臂；一条带金属套筒的绞索状绳带，挂有一弯月形护身符和两只圆柱形盒（其中一只带有交叉刻纹，两端有镶座或封盖）。双股手镯中，一环或一钏镶嵌有矩形宝石（部分呈低尖状），另一环看似多面体。

椭圆形水瓶以瓶颈夹于食指与中指之间，瓶身装饰为两重莲花，中部以一圈矩形和圆形（可能镶嵌）的装饰带相隔，上层莲花的雄蕊自瓶颈呈放射状展开。

Standing Maitreya in abhaya and holding a water pot. The uttarīya is in the narrow mode and covers the upper left arm like a short sleeve with a thicker lower edge or band, perhaps drawn into the shoulder loop from which a thin length emerges to pass over the forearm to join a wide fall of drapery behind. On the side of the usual paridhāna with a girdle, projecting drapery joins the water pot and the right leg is clearly flexed. The drapery folds are prominently ridged and terraced and form strips on the left arm; in front of the left leg the ends of the paridhāna are rounded.

The head is oval to round, the face rather flat and broad, the prominent eyes are long and rounded with narrow slits between eyelids under sharp curved edges for eyebrows; the ūrṇā is in low relief. The shaped lips are sharply cut, the moustaches curve from beside a bare upper lip and the chin is heavy. The headdress consists of wavy hair, a large curl above each ear and locks falling abundantly onto both shoulders, and on the chignon a horizontal length of hair is looped at one end and bound in the middle by strands of hair. A diadem of strings of beads with a larger central barrel-shaped bead encircles the head. The thick beaded and rounded hoops of the earrings also have a small pendant.

The torso is modelled with raised breasts and abdomen and the damaged webbed abhaya hand joins the upper arm obliquely. The collar appears engraved with circular and triangular motifs within beaded borders. A bead necklace of multiple strands has terminals of cross-hatched cylinders ending in confronted horned monster heads with slightly curled snouts and spiny beards curving back under wide jaws and holding a pin passing through a large globular bead. Another bead necklace of multiple strands with metal sleeves at intervals passes over the upper right arm, and a twisted cord, also with metal sleeves, holds a crescentic amulet and two cylindrical boxes, one cross-hatched and mounted or capped at each end. The double bracelet has one ring or bangle set with rectangular stones, some coming to a low point, while the other appears faceted. The ornament of the oval water pot, held by the neck between the index and middle finger, consists of two lotuses separated round its middle by a band of rectangular and circular ornament, perhaps inlaid, the upper lotus having stamens which radiate from the neck.

发现地:
Buner-Yusufzai (border)

Zwalf, 1996：
犍陀罗艺术中较长的项链常呈现一对相向的怪兽头，其间夹着一颗珠饰。这些兽头彼此各异。某些兽头的卷曲或圆润的鼻部处理（特别参见编号1892.0801.3）令人联想到摩羯（makara）的特征性吻部——摩羯是印度艺术早期出现的一种怪兽，借用了鳄鱼和大象的特征。犍陀罗艺术中大量使用怪兽形象，往往具有水栖特征，用作装饰或发挥象征性及保护性功能。仅见兽头者可参考编号1880.191、1959.1215.1、1880.329；见完整兽身者可参考1917.1009.1、1902.0520.4、1949.0718.41、1880.329；见鱼尾半人马（ichthyocentaurs）者可参考1889.1016.2、1914.0502.3、1913.1108.7；见特里同（tritons）者可参考1902.1002.23、1880.57、1949.0718.47；见海豹怪（sea panther）者见1880.219；见半人马女（centauress）者见1888.1115.1；见有翼狮子者见1914.0502.4、1904.1217.33。

关于单独处理的水瓶实例，可参见1861.0728.24及1886.0618.14。

著录:
Zwalf 1996 / A Catalogue of the Gandhara Sculpture in the British Museum (51)

展览:
2023 1 Feb - present, Manchester Museum, South Asia British Museum Partnership Gallery
2010 Aug 4 – Nov 15, China, Shanghai Museum, ‘India: The Art of the Temple’

品相:
灰色片岩，已破碎并有缺口。
头光部分缺失（大英博物馆后来移除了一处修复）；上举的手及衣缘受损；双足缺失。
背面以现代石膏固定于板岩背板上，底板为石灰岩。

来源:
Donated by: Sir Harold Arthur Deane

馆藏号:
1889,0703.6