佛像网

尺寸：高24.2cm
年代：15世纪
质地：铜鎏金
风格：尼泊尔
来源：拍卖会
成交：未成交(2017.03)
参阅：纽约苏富比
鉴赏：
A GILT-COPPER FIGURE OF VAJRADHARA Nepal, circa 15th Century
Himalayan Art Resources item no. 13385.
佛像网, 编号: 金刚总持:92108
Height: 9 1/2 in. (24.2 cm)

Provenance
Acquired privately, 28 May 1971.

品相报告:
Wear to gilding and accretion overall. Bending to crown, vajra finial on helmet, and shawl. Loss to single beaded pearl at throne bottom front. races of polychromy to the hair, back of crown, and back of throne. Baseplate partially sealed.

Catalogue Note
This sensuously modelled sculpture of Vajradhara demonstrates the iconic craftsmanship and aesthetic dynamism of the Newari atelier: the low hairline and broad forehead, the rectangular urna adorning the square face, the aquiline nose reminiscent of earlier Pala imagery, the short neck and wide powerful shoulders, the distinctive scarf draped high across the upper body and looped under each elbow, and the prominent use of semi-precious stone and glass lozenge inlay.

This sensuality extends to the smallest details of the sculpture, as evidenced in the delicately curved fingers adorned with small rings, the gracefully splayed toes atop the thighs, the curly tendrils cascading down the shoulders, and the small rows of beading along the girdle festoons.

The embodiment of the mind of enlightenment, Vajradhara is the source of the Five Dhyani Buddhas which represent the five qualities of Buddhahood. Vajradhara is seated crosslegged in vajraparyankasana atop a double-lotus throne; the hands crossed in front of the chest in vajrahumkara mudra holding a ghanta in the left hand and a vajra in the right, signifying the union of wisdom and compassion.

The five-pronged crown, representing the Five Dhyani Buddhas, is inlaid with turquoise and colored glass and marked with a makara emblem, and secured above the ears with a streaming sash. This is surmounted by a conical helmet with flaming jewels and vajra finial and adorned with semi-precious stones and further colored glass lozenges. Vajradhara wears elaborate jewelry inlaid with turquoise and colored glass, with a long sash flowing under the arms and looped around the neck.

Compare a fifteenth century gilt-copper Amitayus formerly in the Philip Goldman Collection sold in these rooms, 21 March 2002, lot 55, and published in U. von Schroeder, Indo-Tibetan Bronzes, Hong Kong, 1981, p. 357, pl. 94C.

这尊造型充满感性的金刚总持造像，彰显了尼瓦尔作坊的标志性工艺与美学活力：低垂的发际线与宽阔的前额，方形面庞上装饰着矩形白毫，鹰钩鼻令人联想到早期帕拉艺术的意象，短颈与宽阔有力的肩膀，独特的高披帛带绕身并在肘下形成弧环，以及大量使用的半宝石与菱形玻璃镶嵌。

这种感性甚至延伸至雕塑最微小的细节：饰有小戒指的纤柔曲指，在大腿上优雅张开的脚趾，垂落肩头的卷曲发绺，以及腰带垂饰上细密的连珠纹。

作为菩提心的化身，金刚总持是代表佛之五智的五方佛之源。他结金刚跏趺坐于双层莲座之上，双手于胸前结金刚哞迦罗印，左手持金刚铃，右手握金刚杵，象征智慧与慈悲的合一。

象征五方佛的五叶宝冠镶嵌绿松石与彩玻，饰有摩羯纹徽，耳上以飞扬帛带固定。冠顶为锥形冠盔，饰火焰宝与金刚杵顶严，并镶嵌半宝石及更多彩色菱形玻璃。金刚总持佩戴镶嵌绿松石与彩玻的繁丽珠宝，长幅帛带绕过腋下并在颈后垂曳。

可比较一尊十五世纪鎏金铜无量寿佛（原属菲利普·戈德曼收藏），曾于2002年3月21日在本拍卖行售出，拍品55号，亦发表于乌尔里希·冯·施罗德《印藏铜佛》（香港，1981年）第357页，图版94C。